POLYSEMY

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                                                           POLYSEMY

• Polysemy is the state or phenomenon in which the words that have more than one meaning . In other words, it can be described as multiple meanings of words . The words are considered to be related etimologically. 
• The concrete form of polysemy is called "Polyseme"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
  •     Frequent types of polysemy
      
  Several types of polysemous variation occur so frequently that they should be considered part of
  the grammatical knowledge of the speakers of a language. The following list extends on the list
  given in Pustejovsky (1995):
   
  First, we have count/mass alternations for nouns, which can serve several functions:
   
  Animal/meat:
    a.The lamb is running in the field.
    b.John ate lamb for breakfast.
   
  Object/Stuff an object is made up:
   
  a.There is an apple on the table.
    b.There is apple in the salad.
  
  
       Stuff/Kind:
   a.There was cheese on the table.
  b.Three cheeses were served.
  
  
      Stuff/Portions:
  a.The restaurant served beer, and so
  b.we ordered three beers.
   
  Plant/food alternation:
  a.Mary watered the fig in the garden.
  b.Mary ate the fig.
   
  We have alternations between containers and contained:
  a.Mary broke the bottle.
  b. The baby finished the bottle.
   
    Figure/Ground reversal:
  a.The window is rotting.
  b.Mary crawled through the window.
   
  Product/producer alternation, e.g. newspaper
   Honda:
  a.The newspaper fired its editor.
  b.John spilled coffee on the newspaper.
   
  Process/result alternation:
  a.The company’s merger with Honda will begin next fall.
  b.The merger will lead to the production of more cars.
   
  Alternations involving location:
  
  
  Building/institution, e.g.university, bank (see above)
  
  
  Place/people:
  a.John traveled to New York.
  b.New York kicked the mayer out of office.
  
  
  Capital/government, e.g. Washington accused Havana not to do enough for the victims                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
• Example :                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Simple (e.g. English is extremely plain subject)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              With nothing added/decorated in any way (e.g. This blouse is too plan)